HB yashyizeho uburyo bushya bwo kubika ingero z'ibinyabuzima muri ICL

Ishuri Rikuru rya Imperial College London (ICL) riri ku isonga mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi, kandi binyuze mu ishami ry’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri n’ububyimba n’ishami ry’ubumenyi bw’ubwonko, ubushakashatsi bwaryo buhera ku buvuzi bw’imitsi n’amaraso kugeza ku ndwara yo kwibagirwa, indwara ya Parkinson na kanseri y’ubwonko. Gucunga ubwo bushakashatsi butandukanye bisaba ibikoresho bigezweho, cyane cyane mu kubika ingero z’ingenzi z’ibinyabuzima. Neil Galloway Phillipps, Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Laboratwari muri ayo mashami yombi, yemeye ko hakenewe uburyo bwo kubika neza kandi burambye.

Ibikenewe muri ICL

1.Sisitemu yo kubika azote y'amazi ifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru kandi ihujwe

2.Kugabanuka kw'ikoreshwa rya azote n'ikiguzi cy'imikorere

3.Ingero z'umutekano zinoze no kubahiriza amategeko

4.Uburyo bwiza kandi bunoze bwo kugera ku bashakashatsi

5.Igisubizo kirambye cyo gushyigikira gahunda zo kubungabunga ibidukikije

Imbogamizi

Ishami rya ICL rishinzwe ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri ryari risanzwe rikoresha azote 13 zitandukanye (LN).₂) ibigega byo kubika ingero z'igerageza ry'ubuvuzi, uturemangingo twa satelite n'uturemangingo tw'ibanze. Ubu buryo bwari bwacitsemo ibice bwatwaye igihe kinini kugira ngo bubungabungwe, busaba gukurikiranwa no kuzura buri gihe.

“Kuzuza ibigega 13 byatwaye igihe kinini, kandi gukurikirana ibintu byose byari bikomeje kugorana,” Neil yasobanuye. “Byari ikibazo cy’ibikoresho, kandi twari dukeneye uburyo bwiza bwo gucunga ububiko bwacu.”

Ikindi kibazo cyari ikiguzi cyo kubungabunga ibigega byinshi.₂ikoreshwa ryari rinini, bigira uruhare mu kwiyongera kw'amafaranga akoreshwa mu bikorwa. Muri icyo gihe kandi, ingaruka zo gutanga azote kenshi ku bidukikije zari zihabanye n'umuhango wa laboratwari wo kubungabunga ibidukikije. Neil yagize ati: “Twakomeje gukora ku buryo butandukanye bwo gutanga ibihembo ku busugire bw'ibidukikije, kandi twari tuzi ko kugabanya ikoreshwa rya azote byagira ingaruka nini.”

Umutekano no kubahiriza amategeko nabyo byari iby'ingenzi cyane. Kubera ko hari ibigega byinshi byakwirakwiriye mu turere dutandukanye, gukurikirana uburyo abantu binjiramo no kubika inyandiko zigezweho byari bigoye. Neil yongeyeho ati: “Ni ngombwa ko tumenya neza ababona ingero, kandi ko byose bibikwa neza hakurikijwe amabwiriza agenga Ikigo gishinzwe Ibidukikije by’Abantu (HTA). Sisitemu yacu ya kera ntabwo yoroheye ibyo.”

Umuti

ICL yari isanzwe ifite ibikoresho bitandukanye bivuye muri Haier Biomedical - birimo ububiko bukonje, ububiko bw'ibikoresho by'ubuzima, CO₂imashini zitanga inkibateri n'ibikoresho byo gukurura amazi – guteza imbere icyizere mu bisubizo by'ikigo.

Bityo, Neil n'ikipe ye begereye Haier Biomedical kugira ngo ibafashe gukemura ibi bibazo bishya, bashyiramo CryoBio 43 LN ifite ubushobozi bwinshi.₂biobank igamije guhuza ibigega byose 13 bihoraho mu buryo bumwe bwo gukora neza cyane. Impinduka zari nziza, itsinda rya Haier rishinzwe gushyiraho no guhugura abakozi ba laboratwari. Ubu buryo bushya bwashyizwe mu bwato bwa LN bwari busanzweho.₂ikigo gifite gusa impinduka nto. Hamwe na sisitemu nshya, ububiko n'imicungire by'ingero byarushijeho gukora neza cyane. Neil yagize ati: “Kimwe mu byiza bitunguranye ni umwanya twabonye.” “Ubwo ibyo bigega byose bishaje byakuweho, ubu dufite umwanya munini muri laboratwari wo gushyiramo ibindi bikoresho.”

Guhindura uburyo bwo kubika ibintu mu buryo bw'umwuka byazamuye umutekano no koroshya ikoreshwa. “Mbere, igihe cyose twakuraga agakoresho mu kigega cy'amazi, kabaga gafite azote, ibyo bikaba byari ikibazo cy’umutekano. Ubu, hamwe n'uburyo bwo kubika ibintu mu buryo bw'umwuka, ni byiza cyane kandi binoze mu gufata ingero. Sisitemu yo kwinjira mu buryo bw'umubiri nayo yongereye umutekano no kubahiriza amategeko kuko dushobora gukurikirana neza abakoresha uburyo n'igihe bukoreshwa.”

Neil n'ikipe ye basanze uburyo bworoshye bwo gukoresha, hamwe na gahunda y'amahugurwa ya Haier yabafashaga kwinjira vuba mu bakoresha.

Ikintu kitari giteganyijwe ariko cyari cyiza ni intambwe zishobora kwimurwa mu buryo bwikora, bituma kwinjira muri tank byoroha. Neil yagize ati: “Ukurikije ibigega byabanje, abashakashatsi bakunze guterura ibintu byose. Nubwo ikigega gishya ari kirekire, intambwe zishyirwa ku murongo ukanda buto, bigatuma kongeramo cyangwa gukuramo ingero byoroha cyane kuzicunga.”

Kubika ingero z'agaciro

Ingero zibitswe mu kigo cya ICL gishinzwe gupima ubukana bw'ibicurane ni ingenzi cyane mu bushakashatsi bukomeje gukorwa. Neil yagize ati: “Zimwe mu ngero tubika ntizishobora gusimburwa na gato.”

“Tuvuga ku bijyanye n’uburyo bwo gutegura uturemangingo tw’amaraso twera dukomoka ku ndwara zidasanzwe, ingero z’igerageza ry’ubuvuzi, n’ibindi bikoresho by’ingenzi mu bushakashatsi. Izi ngero ntizikoreshwa muri laboratwari gusa; zisangira n’abafatanyabikorwa hirya no hino ku isi, bigatuma ubuziranenge bwazo burushaho kuba ingenzi cyane. Kuba utu turemangingo tumeze neza ni byo byose. Iyo tutabitswe neza, ubushakashatsi dushyigikira bushobora kwangirika. Niyo mpamvu dukeneye ububiko bukonje bwizewe cyane dushobora kwizera. Dukoresheje sisitemu ya Haier, dufite amahoro yuzuye yo mu mutima. Dushobora kugenzura ubushyuhe igihe icyo ari cyo cyose, kandi niba twagenzuwe, dushobora kwerekana tudashidikanya ko byose byabitswe neza.”

 Kunoza uburyo burambye n'uburyo bwo gukoresha neza amafaranga

Ishyirwaho rya biobank nshya ryagabanyije cyane ikoreshwa rya azote y'amazi muri laboratwari, riyigabanya inshuro icumi. Neil yagize ati: “Buri kimwe muri ibyo bigega bishaje cyagiraga litiro zigera kuri 125, bityo kubihuza byagize itandukaniro rikomeye. Ubu turimo gukoresha igice cya azote twakoreshaga mbere, kandi iyo ni intsinzi ikomeye haba mu by'imari no mu bidukikije.”

Kubera ko hakenewe ko habaho azote nke, imyuka ihumanya ikirere yagabanutse, ibi bikaba bishyigikira intego za laboratwari zo kubungabunga ibidukikije. Neil yongeyeho ati: “Si ukuvuga azote ubwayo gusa. Kugira izo zohereza bike bivuze ko amakamyo make mu muhanda, kandi ingufu nke zikoreshwa mu gukora azote mbere na mbere.” Izi ntambwe zari zikomeye cyane ku buryo Imperial yahawe ibihembo byo kubungabunga ibidukikije na LEAF na My Green Lab mu rwego rwo gushimira imbaraga zayo.

Umwanzuro

Banki y’ibinyabuzima ya Haier Biomedical yahinduye ubushobozi bwo kubika amakuru ya ICL, yongera imikorere myiza, umutekano n’uburambe, ndetse inagabanya cyane ibiciro. Hamwe no kubahiriza amategeko neza, umutekano w’ingero wariyongereye ndetse n’ingaruka ku bidukikije zagabanutse, iyi gahunda yo kuvugurura ibintu yabaye intsinzi ikomeye.

Ibisubizo by'umushinga

1.LN₂ikoreshwa ryagabanutseho 90%, bigabanyije ikiguzi n'ibyuka bihumanya ikirere

2.Gukurikirana ingero neza no kubahiriza amategeko ya HTA

3.Kubika neza imyuka mu gihe cy'umuhengeri ku bashakashatsi

4.Ubushobozi bwo kubika ibintu bwiyongera muri sisitemu imwe

5.Gushima binyuze mu bihembo birambye