Ikigega cyo kubika amoniya
Ammonia y'amazi yashyizwe kurutonde rwimiti ishobora guteza akaga kubera ibintu byaka, biturika, nuburozi.Dukurikije “Kumenyekanisha Inkomoko Zikomeye Zitera Imiti Yangiza” (GB18218-2009), ububiko bukomeye bwa amoniya burenga toni 10 *** bugize isoko nyamukuru y’ibyago.Ibigega byose bibika amoniya byashyizwe mubwoko butatu bwumuvuduko.Noneho usesengure ibintu bishobora guteza akaga nibishobora kubaho mugihe cyo gukora no gukoresha ikigega kibika amazi ya amoniya, hanyuma utange ingamba zo gukumira no gutabara kugirango wirinde impanuka.
Isesengura ryibyago byo kubika amazi ya ammonia mugihe cyo gukora
Ibintu byangiza ammonia
Amoniya ni gaze itagira ibara kandi ibonerana ifite impumuro nziza, ikoroha byoroshye muri ammonia.Amoniya yoroshye kuruta umwuka kandi irashobora gushonga mumazi.Kubera ko ammonia yamazi ihindagurika byoroshye muri gaze ya amoniya, mugihe ammonia numwuka bivanze numubare runaka, birashobora guhura numuriro ufunguye, intera ntarengwa ni 15-27%, mumyuka idahwitse y'amahugurwa ***** * Ibishobora kwemerwa ni 30mg / m3.Kumeneka gaze ya amoniya birashobora gutera uburozi, kurakara mumaso, mucosa y'ibihaha, cyangwa uruhu, kandi hari akaga ko gutwika imiti ikonje.
Isesengura ry'ingaruka z'umusaruro n'ibikorwa
1. Kugenzura urwego rwa Amoniya
Niba igipimo cyo kurekura amoniya kirihuta cyane, kugenzura urwego rwamazi ruri hasi cyane, cyangwa ibindi byananiranye kugenzura ibikoresho, nibindi, gaze ya sintetike yumuvuduko ukabije uzahungira mubigega byabitswe na amoniya, bikaviramo umuvuduko ukabije mubigega byabitswe kandi ubwinshi bwa ammonia yamenetse, byangiza cyane.Kugenzura urwego rwa ammonia birakomeye.
2. Ubushobozi bwo kubika
Ubushobozi bwo kubika ikigega cyamazi ya amoniya kirenga 85% yubunini bwikigega kibikwa, kandi umuvuduko urenze urwego rwo kugenzura cyangwa igikorwa gikorerwa mumazi ya ammonia yuzuye.Niba inzira n'intambwe bidakurikijwe cyane mumabwiriza agenga imikorere, kumeneka gukabije bizabaho ***** * impanuka.
3. Amazi yuzuye
Iyo ammonia yuzuye yuzuye, kuzuza ntibikorwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza, kandi guturika kwumuyoboro wuzuye bizatera impanuka nuburozi.
Isesengura ry'ibikoresho n'ibikoresho
1. Gushushanya, kugenzura, no gufata neza ibigega byo kubika amoniya yabuze cyangwa ntibihari, kandi ibikoresho byumutekano nkibipimo byo kurwego, ibipimo byumuvuduko, hamwe na valve yumutekano bifite inenge cyangwa byihishe, bishobora gutera impanuka ziva mumazi.
2. Mu ci cyangwa mugihe ubushyuhe buri hejuru, ikigega cyo kubika amoniya ntigishobora kuba gifite ibyuma, amazi meza yo gukonjesha hamwe nibindi bikoresho birinda nkuko bisabwa, ibyo bikaba bizatera umuvuduko ukabije wibigega byabitswe.
3. Kwangirika cyangwa kunanirwa kurinda inkuba hamwe nibikoresho birwanya static cyangwa guhagarara bishobora gutera amashanyarazi kububiko.
4. Kunanirwa kwimenyekanisha ryibikorwa, guhuza, gutabara byihutirwa, gutabaza gaze nuburozi hamwe nibindi bikoresho bizatera impanuka zirenze urugero cyangwa kwaguka kubigega.
Ingamba zo gukumira impanuka
Ingamba zo gukumira ibikorwa byo gutunganya umusaruro
1. Shyira mubikorwa uburyo bukoreshwa
Witondere imikorere yo gusohora ammonia mumyanya yubukorikori, kugenzura urwego rwamazi rwumusaraba ukonje no gutandukanya amoniya, komeza urwego rwamazi ruhagaze neza hagati ya 1/3 kugeza 2/3, kandi wirinde urwego rwamazi kuba ruto cyane cyangwa hejuru cyane.
2. Igenzura cyane umuvuduko wikigega cyo kubika amoniya
Ububiko bwa ammonia yamazi ntibushobora kurenga 85% yububiko.Mugihe cy'umusaruro usanzwe, ikigega cyo kubika amoniya kigomba kugenzurwa kurwego rwo hasi, muri rusange muri 30% yubunini bwuzuye bwuzuye, kugirango birinde ububiko bwa amoniya kubera ubushyuhe bwibidukikije.Kwiyongera kwaguka no kwiyongera k'umuvuduko bizatera umuvuduko ukabije mububiko.
3. Kwirinda kuzuza amoniya yuzuye
Abakozi bashiraho ammonia bagomba gutsinda imyigire yumutekano n’amahugurwa mbere yuko batangira imirimo yabo.Bagomba kuba bamenyereye imikorere, ibiranga, uburyo bwo gukora, imiterere y'ibikoresho, ihame ry'akazi, ibiranga ingaruka mbi za ammonia y'amazi n'ingamba zo kuvura byihutirwa.
Mbere yo kuzuza, agaciro k'impamyabumenyi nko kugenzura ibizamini byo kugenzura umubiri, uruhushya rwo gukoresha tanker, uruhushya rwo gutwara, icyemezo cyo guherekeza, n'uruhushya rwo gutwara abantu bigomba kugenzurwa.Ibikoresho byumutekano bigomba kuba byuzuye kandi byoroshye, kandi ubugenzuzi bugomba kuba bujuje ibisabwa;umuvuduko muri tanker mbere yo kuzura ugomba kuba muke.Munsi ya 0.05 MPa;imikorere yumuyoboro wa ammonia ugomba kugenzurwa.
Abakozi bashiraho ammonia bagomba gukurikiza byimazeyo imikorere yububiko bwamazi ya amoniya, kandi bakitondera ubwuzure butarenga 85% yububiko bwikigega iyo buzuye.
Abakozi bashiraho ammonia bagomba kwambara masike ya gaze na gants zo gukingira;ikibanza kigomba kuba gifite ibikoresho byo kurwanya umuriro n’ibikoresho byo kurinda gaze;mugihe cyo kuzuza, ntibagomba kuva kurubuga, no gushimangira ubugenzuzi bwikamyo yikamyo, flanges ya flanges kumeneka, nibindi, gaze yikamyo ya tanki Kongera kuyisubiza muri sisitemu kandi ntibisohore uko bishakiye.Niba hari ibintu bidasanzwe nko kumeneka, hagarika kuzuza ako kanya, kandi ufate ingamba zifatika zo gukumira impanuka zitunguranye.
Kugenzura buri gihe ibikoresho byo gushyiramo amoniya, ingamba nuburyo bizakorwa buri munsi, kandi hagenzurwa inyandiko zuzuzwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-31-2021
